The fall of the Iron curtain in the 1990s Essay Example for Free

The fall of the Iron curtain in the 1990s Essay The fall of the Iron curtain in the 1990s brought a close to a chapter in history that brought the world to the brink of global nuclear-armed conflict. However, at the dawn of the 21st century President George W. Bushs administration is poised to reopen that chapter by pursuing a unilateral defense posture that will only serve to modernize and expand current nuclear war fighting capabilities and break the taboo of nuclear non-use. This paper will argue that the failure of the United States to ratify the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) as well as the pursuit of a National Missile Defense (NMD) will lock the United States back into its Cold War security dilemma in which striving to increase security breeds more insecurity. CTBT Since the 1950s, opposition to nuclear testing has been spurred by concerns over its health and environmental effects and by testing being one of the more visible signs of the nuclear arms race. Most recently, in 1995-1996, massive worldwide criticism of French nuclear tests in the South Pacific, caused France to curtail its test program. Public opposition and the dangers of an arms race fueled by nuclear testing have lead governments to try to limit and stop nuclear testing for over 40 years. However, in 1999 the United States Senate refused to implement the CTBT, which would have put an end to nuclear weapons testing and development. The United States failure to ratify the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty guarantees a future end to the ten-year moratorium on testing. The events of September 11th and the subsequent war on terrorism have the Bush administration searching for new options on the battlefield. Recently the administration began studying options for the development and production of a small, low-yield nuclear weapon called a bunker-buster which would burrow into the ground to destroy buried hideaways of rogue leaders like Saddam Hussein or Osama Bin Laden. This pursuit not only guarantees no chance of the CTBT ever coming into law in the US but it also guarantees the breakdown in the firewall between conventional warfare and nuclear warfare. Using nuclear weapons in conventional warfare guarantees the escalation of conflict that would spiral out of control and only serve to hurt future arms reductions negotiations. The development of low yield nuclear weapons is also likely to spur a new arms race between the US and Russia because of an increased reliance on tactical nuclear weapons, in which the concept of Mutually Assured Destruction is no longer employed as deterrence but as procedure. 1 Therefore the United States effort to increase its security by developing weapons to defeat terrorists would only serve to escalate its own insecurity and showcase US military paranoia. The failure of the US to ratify the CTBT also makes it less likely that other states will enter into the treaty. Pakistan and India, known nuclear states that are the most likely to start a nuclear confrontation have long been waiting to see what the US is going to do on CTBT before they take a stance. The effect of the US ratifying the CTBT would be the equivalent of saying Gentlemen, start your engines. 2 Every government in the world that is considering the treaty would race to get the treaty to enter into force. If those countries were to continue on their current course of nuclear development it is likely that the Bush administration would have to uphold its doctrine that it is using against Iraq in order to prevent the spread of Weapons of Mass Destruction to terrorist organizations. Ratification of the CTBT would not only halt US weapons development at its current state but it would also help pave the way for eventual disarmament. The ratification of the CTBT would also help undermine the current security dilemma the United States is locked in to. NMD NMD first appeared under President Reagan in the early 1980s. It was popularly known as Star Wars because it was intended to be a space-based system for the reconnaissance and prompt in-flight destruction of long-range missiles fired at the US3. However, due to its complexity and cost, the Star Wars system was never built. However, anti-missile systems continue to be explored, as for example the Exo-Atmospheric Kill Vehicle developed under President Clinton. 4 NMD represents an attempt to ensure that the US is forever safe from any kind of attack, especially from irrational rogue states armed with long-range missiles. It shows clearly that an interdependent world and globalisation bring with them a sense of insecurity. This sense of insecurity could be said to verge on paranoia, considering the disparity of forces between rogue states and the US. Indeed, as there is brought here, every threat is magnified under the lens of Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites and must be hedged against. Echoing President Clinton, British Prime Minister Tony Blair argued that in an interdependent world, extensive multilateralism was the only choice that could lead to true security from multiple, global threats. 5 However, President Bush seems to have chosen the opposite path by seeking to protect the US unilaterally, resulting in the logic of the Cold War arms race. NMD in particular, as it is a space-based defense system, seems particularly vulnerable to the logic of the arms race. Indeed, today only one in eight active orbiting satellites belong to the US military. 6 This proportion is set to decrease, as launching satellites into space continues to become more and more affordable to companies and smaller countries. Therefore, in the unilateralist logic, space-based weapons will also become increasingly available to possible enemies, presenting a new threat to US security that must be overcome by ever more expensive technological fixes. Furthermore, since i la carte multilateralism undermines the ABM Treaty, the arms race perspective becomes even more likely, as it contains the most explicit protections of satellites on the books. 7 The ABM Treaty effectively blocked the development of anti-missile defense systems,8 thus ensuring that any country launching a missile attack would be unable to defend itself from a retaliatory strike. Were this treaty to disappear, aggressive acts towards satellites, most probably by present or future rogue states, would only become more likely a self-fulfilling prophecy. This logic serves only to reiterate the fact that The basis of security is that it never works for just one. You have to have security for everyone or it fails. 9. That entering the arms race logic is the result of paranoia rather than realism is shown by the fact that the widening access to satellites to both businesses and countries could equally be seen as reinforcing the USs dominant position. Indeed, because of the USs undoubted technological advantage, it has developed many of the technologies which have become commonplace. For example, the Australian army relies on the American GPS system,10 and it is further woven into the fabric of daily life by being used by navigators in the worlds airlines and ships and even in ordinary peoples boats and cars. 11 Thus it is possible to say that the GPS system is universal and is no longer being tied to any particular territory. A more liberal approach than that taken by the Bush administration would suggest that overall, this diminishes the likelihood of an attack upon the satellites. Indeed By sharing GPS, no one feels so threatened to compete with it, and because of its widespread use any country that damaged it would provoke a global fury. 12 US insecurity is further demonstrated by frequent inversions of its actual military posture. Hence, the US is often represented as a weak military nation, despite its crushing military superiority. For example, Condoleeza Rice, President Bushs national security advisor, claimed during President Clintons tenure that US soldiers had been turned into social workers, and that the armed forces as a whole were as weak as in 1940. 13 The current Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld spoke of the increasing vulnerability of the US, and evoked images of a space-based Pearl Harbor early on in President Bushs tenure. 14 This constant fear of vulnerability is mirrored in academic circles. Kagan states that the defense budget needs to be increased rapidly, by as much as $50-100 billion per year. 15 As a budgetary recommendation, this figure seems fanciful, considering the combination of a slowing US economy, the $1. 35 trillion tax cut promoted by President Bush and the difficulty of pushing a far more modest budget increase through Congress this past budgetary session. However unrealistic, it does serve to reflect the condition of institutionalised paranoia. Insecurity is clearly shown when the US, by far the worlds leading military power in terms of budget, technology, logistics and training, is portrayed as being highly vulnerable to people such as Osama Bin Laden,16 the alleged terrorist. Rather, the US is creating the conditions of its own insecurity. Indeed, the combination of i la carte multilateralism, dreams of Full Spectrum Dominance and the idiosyncratic branding of certain states as rogues can only serve to antagonize friends and foes alike. Rather than defusing possible threats at the source, President Bushs policies seem more likely to provoke attack. Of course, any attack would be taken as a justification of these policies, feeding into a vicious circle of insecurity resolved through the deification of technology and the abandonment of the human contact represented by treaty negotiation. In Der Derians words, President Bush symbolizes the leader who has given up on peace on earth and now [seeks] peace of mind through the worship of new techno-deities. 17 Rumsfelds drive to reform the military on the basis of NMD and other space-based technologies implies deep and risky reductions in conventional forces, such as cuts in the number of Army divisions, Navy aircraft carriers and Air Force fighter wings. 18 This further reinforces the fact that techno-strategy is supplanting humanity in security considerations. The search for unilateral absolute security, especially through technology and unilateralism, is a form of the necessarily doomed search for a single power or sovereign truth that can dispel or control the insecurities, indeterminacies, and ambiguities that make up international relations. 19 The negative consequences of smart warfare are one instance of the risks of President Bushs logic. It is clear that if the United States continues to pursue its misguided foreign policy the world will soon witness a new wave of arms races and decreased securitization. Only by pursuing confidence building, regime oriented measures can the United States help avert the next Cold War. Ratification of the CTBT and ending the pursuit of a National Missile Defense seem to be the first steps in the process toward paving the way into the 21st century. The United States can either sit back a not take on its role as a champion of the free world or it can take a proactive stance in stomping out the possibility of a renewed arms race and break out of its Cold War security dilemma. 1 Alexander, B. and Millar, A. (www. fourthfreedom. org/php/print. php? hinc=DefenseNewstnw. hinc) July 11, 2001 2 Kuchta, A. Dickinson Journal of International Law A Closer Look: The US Senates Failure to Ratify the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, 19 Dick. J. Intl L. 333. 3 http://www. nuclearfiles. org/chron/80/1980s. html 4 http://www. msnbc. com/news/845497. asp? 0cv=TB10 5 Blair, T. , Doctrine of the International Community, speech delivered in Chicago, 23 April, 1999, http://www. number-10.gov. uk.

The Insanity Of Hamlet :: essays research papers

In William Shakespeare?s Hamlet, Hamlet leads an antic disposition that causes his downfall and leads him to insanity. His antic disposition affects his judgment, destroys relationships and creates a belief that he is truly mad. Throughout the play, Hamlet is consumed with anger which causes him to act through emotion and without reason. Hamlet?s main goal is to avenge the death of his father but, his actions to do so are hindered because of the irrational decisions he has made through the antic disposition he has put on. Hamlet?s antic disposition began with the death of his father. Hamlet returns to his home, Denmark, to find King Hamlet, his father, dead. As any normal human being would be allowed to grieve, Hamlet was not. Hamlet was expected to accept the death of his father and move on. (Do not forever with thy vailà ¨d lids/Seek for thy noble father in the dust./Thou know'st 'tis common. All that lives must die,/Passing through nature to eternity.)(1.2.68-73). Without the ti me to grieve, Hamlet was left with the echo of his mother?s and Claudius?s hurtful and unsympathetic words of advice. While Hamlet was forbidden to ?useless mourning? (We pray you, throw to earth/This unprevailing woe, and think of us/As of a father.)(1.2.106-108), his mother quickly marries to his uncle Claudius and undoubtedly moves on with her life. In T.S. Eliot?s The Sacred Wood, Hamlet?s ?disgust envelops and exceeds her. It is thus a feeling which he cannot understand, he cannot objectify it, and it therefore remains to poison life and obstruct action.? With little time to grieve and a mother that seems to care less about her deceased husband, Hamlet?s mind was given the perfect recipe for insanity. In mid night, a mysterious ghost appears to Prince Hamlet in the shape of his 2father, King Hamlet. The strange and mystifying ghost guides Hamlet away from Horatio and Marcellus, as if wanting privacy. Hamlet becomes defensive and mad and believes his fate is to follow the ghos t, ?My fate cries out/And makes each petty artery in this body/As hardy as the Nemean lion's nerve./Still am I called.?Unhand me, gentlemen.?(1.4.86-89). Hamlet is determined to hear the words of the ghost and threatens Horatio and Marcellus to death if they do not let him go. Horatio and Marcellus follow him for his safety but believe ?He waxes desperate with imagination.?(1.4.92). The ghost is the first obvious sign that Hamlet?

The Hunnic Empire in 434 A.D.

Atilla, leader of the Hunnic Empire in 434 A. D. , is most famous for sacking many towns in Eastern Europe, and in Rome particularly. He was a fierce fighter, and was known to be as savage as they get. He was a constant nuisance to Rome never leaving them completely alone in his thirst for money, and power. It seemed as if Attila could not be satisfied with any amount of money, and was definitely never satisfied with the state of his empire always wanting more expansion. Attila saw his first taste to power in 434 A.D. after the death of his uncle Rugila (â€Å"Heritage History†). He and his brother, Bleda, were both next in line to control the Hun tribes. Attila’s men were scattered, and a few disagreeing nobles fled to Rome to seek refuge. Attila’s first important move as a leader was the negotiation for his men back. Bargaining with the Eastern Roman Emperor Attila received his men back, 350 Roman pounds, and open trade with Roman merchants. The deal was looked at as an early success for Attila (â€Å"Heritage History†).I think that the first deal between Attila and Theodosius II was a mistake on the Roman Emperors part. I think that this gracious and kind act on the part of the Romans opens the door for Attila’s greed and hunger. Theodosius should have recognized the death of the Hunnish empires leader, been stern with Attila, and maybe even threaten to wipe him out. After all they were in disarray, were not truly unified, and would have been an easy target to take out at the time. Instead he helped the Hun’s have an opportunity to grow, and come back wanting more.Theodosius obviously did recognize the Huns to be a threat, because when the Huns did recede, as a part of the treaty, he began reinforcing his walls as if he was getting ready for an attack (â€Å"Heritage History†). The Romans did not see the Huns for about five years, and then in 440 A. D. , after being defeated in Armenia, Attila set his eyes to Rome. First he laid waste to the merchants that had been setup as a part of the treaty, and then he began attacking forts alongside the river of Danube (â€Å"Heritage History†). Attila broke the first treaty between him and Theodosius, and it actually ended up working out better for Attila.Soon after Attila began pillaging through Eastern Rome the Vandals began an attack on Carthage, the wealthiest city in Rome. Troops were called away to help stop the attack in Carthage, leaving a big void for Attila and his brother to run through in 441 A. D (Gordon). In 442 A. D. Theodosius recalled his troops from Sicily, believing that he could stop Attila and beat the Huns. Theodosius had a chance to reason with Attila before he sent all his troops to oppose him, but his pride forced him to refuse Attila’s demands (Gordon).It would have looked better for him if he would have just met the demands, because he was defeated by Attila twice just outside of Constantinople. Attila neve r actually breached the walls at Constantinople, but he did come very close. The city was well guarded with two sets of walls around it. Theodosius admitted his defeat around 443 A. D. and had to meet the harsh demands of Attila. Attila received roughly 6,000 pounds of gold from the Romans, and charged them a yearly tribute (Gordon). To say that Attila was a problem for the Romans is to say the least, he was very close to overrunning them and ending their existence.Attila, satisfied with what the treaty had brought him, withdrew himself back into the heart of his empire to plot more about how to take over the Romans. It was during this time, around 445 A. D. , that his brother Bleda is mysteriously murdered (â€Å"Heritage History†). Not much is recorded as to the actual cause of death, but it is a well-accepted notion that Attila had him killed so that he could have absolute power. Attila, having all the power to himself now, began another campaign against Rome in 447 A. D. He would face a former adversary Arnegisclus in the Battle of Utus.Even though Attila had beaten Arnegisclus in the 443 campaign, the Battle of Utus was a fierce and bloody one for both sides (â€Å"Heritage History†). Severe losses took place on both sides, however the Huns came out victorious. Arnegisclus was knocked down from his horse, and was eventually killed while on foot. Attila in 450 A. D. decides to make and alliance with Valentinian III, a Western Roman Emperor, and attack the Visgoths. Attila had be diplomatically bribed towards the alliance, and he had a good relationship with one of the emperor’s general Aetius (â€Å"Heritage History†).Things looked to finally be smoothed out between Attila and the Romans, but then Valentinian’s sister ruined it all. Honoria was the name of Valentinina’s sister, and when she was displeased with her arranged marriage, she called out for Attila to take her hand in marriage. Attila took the proposal ve ry seriously and accepted, and was angered when Valentinian told him that his sister was not being genuine (â€Å"Heritage History†). Attila began making his way through the Roman Empire sacking cities on his way. Aetius began drawing his army to make a stand against Attila, and they met sound where around Orleans for the Battle of Cataluanum.This battle is said to be one of the most important battle in the history of Europe and Christianity, because if Attila would have clearly won then he could have annihilated Roman culture, and Christianity could have been lost (Gordon). In the battle both sides suffer heavy losses, but the Huns are said to be the victors even though it wasn’t much of a victory. The damage done was enough to slow Attila and his army down from making their way to France. Attila, still wanting to claim his bride, sets for Italy (Gordon). There are a few different stories as to why Attila did not end up attacking Italy.One is that Bishop of Rome Leo I met personally with Attila asking him to withdraw his army from Italy. What I think was the most reasonable answer for the withdrawal was the fact that Attila had suffered major losses, and it was said that his armies were suffering from disease and starvation (â€Å"Heritage History†). Whichever story is true Attila withdrew either way vowing to return. On his way home from Italy, Attila marries a young girl named Iidko, and on the morning after his wedding he is found dead, in a bed of blood.The story is that Attila after a night of drinking suffered a massive nosebleed while lying down in his bed, and he drowned in his own blood. There are more theories on the actual cause of death of Attila. Some think that there was foul play, and that his newly wed wife killed him in his sleep, and some think he had a massive hemorrhage causing internal bleeding. After the death of Attila the Hunnic Empire was passed onto his sons, but there was much arguing over who had the most power . After a year or two the Huns were no longer an empire, and were blended into Germanic tribes across Europe.Attila the Hun took the Hunnic Empire farther than it ever dreamed to go, and thankfully, to us Christians, he was stopped eventually. Gordon, Richard. â€Å"STOPPING ATTILA The Battle Of Chalons. † Military History 20. 5 (2003): 34. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 11 Oct. 2012. â€Å"Victory Secrets Of Attila The Hun. † Success 40. 2 (1993): 42. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 11 Oct. 2012. â€Å"Battle of Chalons: Attila the Hun versus Flavius Aetius. † Military History. (2006): n. page. Web. 11 Oct. 2012. . â€Å"Attile the Hun. † Heritage History. Heritage History, 2007. Web. 11 Oct 2012. .

Tv, Bad Influence on Kids Essay - 637 Words

Review the following argument: Television programming such as MTV is corrupting young children. Write two, 2-page essays for this assignment: Essay 1--Persuade your reader to accept the argument, that television programming such as MTV is corrupting young children. (the pro side) Essay 2--Persuade your reader to reject the argument, and defend the credibility of television programming such as MTV. (the con side) Essay should be well reasoned and include references to support your conclusion. Please submit both essays together as one assignment in the space below. Label each essay with the subheading: Essay 1: Pro, and Essay 2: Con. Do television shows have a negative effect on children’s development, and currupt them?†¦show more content†¦It provides entertainment to people of all ages especially children. Children love to watch TV and prefer to stay â€Å"glued† to the TV screen all day, rather than playing outside. In the USA, 47% of children ages 2 to 18 years have a television set in their bedrooms. On a typical day, they spend on average of 5.5 hours using media, including television, computer games and the Internet (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2001). TV is the number one after-school activity for 6 to 17 year old. Although television is loved by children and has helped them a lot, it has influenced them in a negative way.Some optimistic people can argue that children should be allowed to watch a lot of television because it is educational. Preschoolers can get help to learn the alphabet on children’s programs such as Sesame Street and grade scholars can learn about wildlife on nature shows. However, with the increased rate of working parents, most children come home from school and are left alone or with a babysitter who may not care what the children watch on TV. With no supervision nearby, children may end up watching shows with violence, sex and bad language. Children that view such shows are likely to fear that the world is scary or that something bad will happen to them. Furthermore, the children will start to show aggressive behavior or start to behave like what they see on TV. (Bandura Ross 1963) Another argument put forward by opponents could be that children have a choice on what toShow MoreRelatedTelevision And Its Effects On Children1673 Words   |  7 PagesTelevision is one of the biggest influences in the lives of most people. People spend hours every day watching television programming, so of course this will affect their behavior. Television is like a window to the modern world. Many people view the programs that are aired on television ; they can gain a lot of information and knowledge. Most programming like the National Geographic and Discovery Channels can be used as an educational tools in schools and at home to teach our children to learn insteadRead MoreTelevision Is Bad For Children744 Words   |  3 Pages Refute TV is bad for children With the advancement of technology, children tend to inhibit the media rich environment of multiple channel TV, the internet, computer games, and mobile phones. Today, it is not just teenagers and adults who get hooked on television, but also children. Children all over the usual world watch television. There tend to be several articles and studies done showing how television is bad for children. For instance, in an article by Vlad (2006), it states that those childrenRead MoreHaving Regulations On Reality T.V.1083 Words   |  5 PagesThere has always been controversy as to whether there should be regulations on reality tv shows or not It would be a positive gesture to hold regulations on reality tv. Although having regulations on reality tv limits violence, decreases bad ratings, and makes the show more family oriented, it can make the show less intriguing because it wouldn’t be as melodramatic, it wouldn’t be real if it had rules, and it limits the freedom of the p eople on the show. According to Shannon Kelly, reality televisionRead MoreThe Is The Method Of Human Communication1510 Words   |  7 Pagesthey’re children and it wouldn’t matter as much in that moment, but still it’s not beneficial and it won’t help them. They could spend their time doing something more helpful that could actually help them later in life like interacting with another kid or talking to their parents. As defined by Webster’s Dictionary, television is a system for transmitting visual images and sound that are reproduced on screens, and used to broadcast programs for entertainment, information, and education. TelevisionRead MoreCelebrities Role Models711 Words   |  3 PagesCelebrities should be role models because of their humanity. A good example of that is Angelina Jolie and on the other hand, some people do not consider celebrities role models; because they are bad example. Celebrities should not be considered role models because they are just famous or because their work on TV. We should admire them, because of how they help people or visit sick children. Children consider anyone that is famous on T.V. a role model, because children don’t know what the characteristicsRead More Television is a Bad Influence on Todays Youth Essay1115 Words   |  5 Pagesone television in their home. In addition, there continue to be more TVs per home than people in the U.S.- in 2014 the average U.S. home had only 2.5 people vs 2.86 television sets. Although television seems like a great thing to have, it has its drawbacks. Television can negatively effect people, particularly kids. 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Most channels on television have at least one reality show, from following housewives to remodeling homes of real life families. However, there are some reality programs that display bad examples, especially for young audiences that are keeping up with each episode. On MTV people see girls being drunk in public, addicts doing drugs, and young girls raising bab ies at young ages; these are situations seen on reality TV shows. JeremyRead MoreSex And Violence In The Media Influence Teen Behavior.1405 Words   |  6 PagesViolence in the Media Influence Teen Behavior In the 21st Century Sex and Violence in the media has had a good and bad impact on our society. It is very common around the world that many kids are exposed to violence or some type of sexual activity rather in household or in the media. The media has become a common reason as to why violence occur. Teenagers in the 21st century are exposed to more sexuality and violence than ever. 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Inclusion Paper - 1110 Words

Inclusion is a viewpoint that brings different students, whether able or disabled to create schools and other social institutions based on acceptance, belonging and community. In any classroom there are different kinds of children, but you may not be able to notice the differences among them from just looking at them. In almost every classroom they should be at least one child that needs special services that is not given in the classroom. There is no one law that forces classrooms to be inclusive, but when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in 1990 it made it illegal for any facility to deny any person or persons admittance into a facility because they had a disability. Advocacy for Inclusion believes that children who have†¦show more content†¦While inclusion may not be for every child out there, the benefits greatly out evaluate the negatives, thus why an inclusive classroom has been more and more pushed as the way to go for education of younger children. In clusion programs must provide all students with access to a challenging, engaging and flexible curriculum that helps them to be successful in society. When a child is in an inclusive classroom, it is extremely important for the parents and teacher to have a complete understanding of each other and have the ability to be contacted whenever possible, at a reasonable hour. When a child enters into an inclusive classroom the support materials that are necessary for the child to learn best are brought to the child, rather that the child going from room to room throughout the day. This way the child and teaching team are taking advantage of every minute they have together during the day. Curricular inclusion requires the involvement of all children in the same daily learning events and as such careful thought and preparation are essential. When the resources were not brought to the child and the child had to go to the resources that child had to spend their day going from room to room and wasting several precious minutes. A child will learn best when they have a positive role model to look up to and for a child with a disability that positive role model might be one of his or her peers or teacher. More important to find out theShow MoreRelatedDiversity and Inclusion Paper1085 Words   |  5 PagesThinking About Diversity and Inclusion Paper SOC/315 December 15, 2010 Professor Dr. Lorthridge Introduction This paper will discuss and focus on the four dimensions of diversity: ethnicity, gender, differences in skills, abilities and personality traits and how they have an impact in my workplace. To be able to go further in this paper one should understand the definition of diversity. 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With the severity of the number of individuals with disabilities in the school system, the controversy of the best way to support them arises. One of the solutions of this controversy is the issue of full inclusion. Those opposed to the idea of full inclusion fearRead MoreChildren With Special Needs Should Spend Most Time With Non Disabled Children1578 Words   |  7 Pagesother sources to prove my thesis. I have organized my paper into three main questions: 1. Who are children with special needs? 2. What is public school should offer to the children with special needs and their parents? 3. Why they should spend more time with non-disabled kids? It can be very difficult for teacher to teach both disabled and non-disabled students in inclusion classrooms. However, various strategies exist for teachers working in inclusion classroom. WHO ARE CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS?Read MoreH. Research Paper.1378 Words 6 Pages. Research Paper. Inclusive1389 Words   |  6 Pages H Research Paper 1378 Words 6 Pages Research Paper Inclusive education means that all students in a school, regardless of their strengths or weaknesses in any area, become part of the school community. They are included in the feeling of belonging among other students, teachers, and support staff. The educational practice known as, full inclusion may have negative effects on the self-esteem of a special needs child. In 1975, Congress passed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, alsoRead MoreInclusive Education For Children With Disabilities1631 Words   |  7 Pagesthe general education setting. Many factors can make inclusion difficult or complex. Accommodating instruction to meet the educational needs of all students is one of the most fundamental problems in education. Many argue that inclusive practices benefit all students. While others argue that inclusive education is inadequately designed to meet the needs of exceptional students. Benefits of inclusive education have long been debated. This paper will review the i ssues of inclusive education. IntroductionRead MoreInclusion Is Not A School Or A Childcare Setting?1574 Words   |  7 Pagesclassroom settings. In this paper I will be discussing what inclusion is, concerns parents and educators have about meeting the child’s needs, research related to the children developing quickly and children with special support. As well, I will discuss services offered by the Vancouver Supported Child Development Program, and my personal view about children learning in an inclusive environment. What is Inclusion? The Oxford Dictionary describes the word Inclusion as â€Å"The action or state ofRead MoreChildren With Special Needs Should Spend Most Of The Time With Non Disabled Kids1643 Words   |  7 Pagesinteresting books, magazines, articles and other sources to prove my thesis. I have organized my paper into tree main questions: 1. Who are children with special needs? 2. What is public school should offer to the children with special needs and their parents? 3. Why they should spend more time with non disabled kids? It can be very difficult teaching special needs children within inclusion classrooms. Both disabled and Read MoreReflection1148 Words   |  5 Pageswithin a time span of only 8 hours. I learned the importance of asking questions, giving clear and concise instructions, and setting an example to help students understand the difference between inappropriate and appropriate behavior. Throughout this paper, it is evident that the most important thing I learned from my field experience is to always believe in, and never hinder, a student’s potential. Personal Expectations Coming into this project, I was slightly nervous about how I would approach

Jane Austens Presentation of Mr Collins in Pride and...

Jane Austens Presentation of Mr Collins in Pride and Prejudice Jane Austen presents Mr Collins as a character with many different traits. Mr Collins is a man who is very aware of his social status, likes to impress people, is extremely proud and has an inflated ego to name but a few. The first time we get a mention of Mr Collins, is in chapter thirteen, where we learn that Mr Bennet has in fact never met the man who will inherit the house upon Mr Bennets death. We learn this from Mr Bennet, and the way he says, ``it is a person whom I never saw in the whole course of my life. This suggests that Mr Collins arrival will be one of great surprise and unexpected. Also, it gives a hint of†¦show more content†¦However, the full reason for his letter becomes apparent later on in the letter, when he says to Mr Bennet about his daughters, assure you of my readiness to make them every possible amends, - but of this hereafter. Here he is hinting at a proposal to one of the daughters. I feel that this shows that everything he does is about money and his own happiness. He feels that after meeting the girls for the first time that they will happily marry him and therefore he will receive more money, he feels that he will be easily accepted because they are in such a desperate economical need. He must be very arrogant to think this and this is also shown later on in the story. In Volume One, Chapter Fourteen, we see the arrival of Mr Collins and the first dinner they have together. Even though Mr Bennet had not seen Mr Collins before, he knew that he would be more than happy to talk about Lady Catherine de Bourgh. When Jane Austin says Mr Collins was eloquent in her praise. Shows that he is once again showing off about her and making her out to be a wonderful lady. This makes him look good in the company of Mr Bennet and his family. 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Proposal Community Livelihood Development â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Proposal on Community Livelihood Development. Answer: Introduction: A project can be defined as any piece of work that has a specific start and an end point and is carried out to achieve some prefixed objectives ("What is a project? definition and meaning", 2016). In this report, we will discuss a number of concepts related to project management and planning. For this particular report, the topic selected is construction of soccer pitches or grounds in Waiariki Institute of Technology. The report will provide details such as the objectives of the project, its background, scope, deliverables, work breakdown structure, etc. Project Background Waiariki Institute of Technology is one the leading institutes in New Zealand with a lot of opportunities to offer to the students. The institute has developed infrastructure for a number of hobbies and sports activities. Recently, there have been a lot of demands from the students regarding the construction of a proper soccer pitch. The students have formed soccer teams and they want the management to provide them more opportunities by constructing a proper pitch and arranging for inter-institute competitions. Therefore, the management has prepared a proposal and has decided to fulfil the demands of the students. Project Objectives The objectives of the project are listed below: 1. To construct a soccer pitch using the latest design concepts and proper infrastructure within the institute 2. Find the best area that would serve as a ground for soccer pitch 3. Acquire flood lights for the pitch 4. To complete the whole project within a time period of 6 months Project Justification An institute is a place that offers learning opportunities to the students. If an institute wants the students to become highly capable and competitive, they have to provide them with extra learning opportunities and not just focusing upon studies. The learning opportunities should also be offered in sports and hobbies. Though the institute has been able to prepare a number of sports grounds, such as a tennis court, badminton court, swimming pool, cricket pitch, etc. it still lacks a proper pitch where the students could practice and play soccer. Therefore, with the increasing demands for a soccer field, it has become necessary for the management to get a soccer field constructed so that the students could practice their game and the institute could host friendly matches with other institutes and improve their relations ("How to write a Project Justification in a proposal on community livelihood development project - Funds for NGOs", 2010). Project Scope Project scope or project deliverables are the end results of the project that is being undertaken. In this case, the project deliverables or the project scopes of the construction of soccer pitch are discussed below: A proper soccer pitch where the students will be able to practice and the management will be able to host soccer events A new sport opportunity for the students to pursue Maintenance of better relation with other institutes by hosting friendly soccer matches Improved infrastructure of the institute Project Stakeholders The stakeholders of the project are listed below: Students they are obviously the stakeholders as they will be using the pitch once it is ready Management of the institute the management of the institute has a stake in the construction project as it has to invest a lot of resources in the project and has some long term objectives associated with it Institute the institute has a reputation to build and hold. The final outcome of the construction work will affect the reputation of the institute. A well planned soccer pitch with all the necessary equipment and tools will increase the reputation of the institute. Work Breakdown Structure A work breakdown structure is an important project management technique which aims at breaking down the whole project into small manageable sections and allocating resources to each of the section ("What is a Work Breakdown Structure - Workbreakdownstructure.com", 2016). Let us now develop a work breakdown structure for the construction of soccer pitch project: Selecting a suitable site where the pitch can be constructed Preparation of the site according to the specifications given by experts Hiring construction labour and appointing project manager Preparation of earth, such as levelling of ground Construction of dressing rooms and rest rooms for the teams Installation of flood lights all around the pitch Preparing a sitting plan for the viewers and constructing the sitting area Acquisition of all the equipment and tools required for the game, such as goal posts, material for drawing lines, flags, soccer kits, etc. Installation of sound system in the soccer stadium for announcements and commentary. Project Budget The budget for the project has to be carefully decided as it is a large scale project. If the management plans to construct a soccer ground with flood light, sitting facility, rest rooms, etc. the budget of the project will shoot up but the ground prepared will be one of the finest grounds and could be even used to host events in the future. The flood lights and sound system will also make it possible for the institute to provide the soccer pitch for professional matches i.e. for national and international events. Therefore, the complete budget of the project will be fixed around 6.4 million dollars while the breakdown of the budget is given below: Preparation of ground 40,000$ Construction costs (restrooms and sitting area) 150,000$ Labour 50,000$ Flood lights 250,000$ Sound system 75,000$ Sports equipment 75,000$ Risk Analysis Checklist The risks associated with the project are discussed below: The risk of the expenditure increasing the budget The risk of lower quality construction work to compensate for lower budget or investment The risk of delay in the construction project or missing important deadlines Risk of sound system and lighting system not being properly installed, which might increase the maintenance costs later on References How to write a Project Justification in a proposal on community livelihood development project - Funds for NGOs. (2010). Funds for NGOs. Retrieved 24 July 2016, from https://www.fundsforngos.org/free-resources-for-ngos/how-to-write-a-project-justification-in-a-proposal-on-community-livelihood-development-project/ What is a project? definition and meaning. (2016). BusinessDictionary.com. Retrieved 24 July 2016, from https://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/project.html What is a Work Breakdown Structure - Workbreakdownstructure.com. (2016). Workbreakdownstructure.com. Retrieved 24 July 2016, from https://www.workbreakdownstructure.com/ What is project scope? - Definition from WhatIs.com. (2016). SearchCIO. Retrieved 24 July 2016, from https://searchcio.techtarget.com/definition/project-scope